The career civil service: a comparison of practices between Mexico and four developed countries

Abstract

This article is divided into two parts. The first offers a historical reflection on the various efforts that have existed to institute a chamber civil service since ancient times, reviewing the efforts of ancient Mexicans up to the proposals developed in modern Mexico. The second briefly studies the most notable characteristics of the North American, French, English, and Spanish civil service models. Finally, a classification is proposed and the idea of ​​a nonexistent ideal, often cited by apologists for civil service systems who are unaware of the implications of the praxis of a bureaucracy, not exactly Weberian in European countries, which is far from being an ideal to emulate, particularly in the French and Spanish cases, is demystified.